Example Concept: Multi-factor authentication (MFA) combines two or more independent credentials: something the user knows (password), something the user has (security token or smartphone), and something the user is (biometric verification). By requiring multiple forms of verification, MFA significantly reduces the risk of unauthorized access, even if one factor becomes compromised. Implementing MFA can involve integrating with authentication services that support time-based one-time passwords (TOTP), SMS-based codes, or hardware tokens.